Drilling muds are designed to facilitate drilling operations and provide proper cuttings transport. They are not necessarily conducive to efficient mud displacement, logging, or completion operations. Therefore, it is often necessary to condition the mud (i.e., to modify mud properties). Before placing cement (Cementing in drilling) in the wellbore, two mud characteristics can be changed—density …
Inflatable service tools have been used in the oil and gas industry for more than 50 years to perform a variety of remedial workovers. Inflatable well packers, bridge plugs, and cement retainer is used in open holes, cased holes, slotted casing liners, and gravel-pack screens in oil and gas wells, but they should be used …
Foamed cement is a coarse dispersion of a base cement slurry, a gas (usually nitrogen), a foaming surfactant, and other materials to provide foam stability. Foamed cement is generally less expensive than systems containing glass microspheres or cenospheres (Edmondson and Benge, 1983); however, special equipment is required at the well site to inject nitrogen or …
Cementing plugs are semirigid barriers that separate cement slurry from drilling fluids, wipe the casing, and indicate when cement placement is complete. Plugs were once made of gunnysacks, wood, and leather. Present designs include top and bottom wiper cementing plugs constructed of nitrile or polyurethane molded over PDC drillable high-density plastic cores (Fig. 1). The …
Inner string or stinger cementing is a technique typically used with large-diameter casings in which drill pipe is placed inside the casing as the conduit for pumping fluids from the surface to the casing annulus (Fig. 1). The inner strings can be run in one of three ways that will be discussed later in this …
Guide shoe and float shoe in drilling are tapered, a commonly bullet-nosed device that is installed at the bottom of any types of casing string. They guide the casing toward the center of the hole to minimize hitting rock ledges or washouts as the casing is run into the well. The outer portions of these …
Always Be Prepared for Complications & Problems During Well Control Operations Note: If a problem develops while killing a well, “NOTE and RECORD” the drill pipe and casing pressure, stop the pump, shut in the well, and then, evaluate the situation. Well-controlling pressure is provided by using the horsepower of the mud pumps and the …
Land Rig Move Planning New Location Preparation Rig Move Safety Meeting The Safety Meeting Should Be attended by all the crews, meeting should be done every morning of rig move and supervised by drilling supervisor, STP & Safety officer Responsibilities Onshore Rig Move Operations A network plan for the movement of the electrical rig is …
Bullheading is a technique that may be used in certain circumstances during drilling operations to pump an influx back into the formation. In other words, it is a term to denote pumping into a closed-in well without returns. A major concern with this technique is that it may result in fracturing any exposed formation. Bullheading …
We usually use a calibrated trip tank in drilling to measure mud volumes accurately and change mud volumes while tripping. It must be available on all rigs & must have a level indicator easily readable from the driller’s position. Such an indicator must be accurate to within one-half barrel volume. It is unsafe to trip …