The shaped charge was a development for armour piercing shells in the Second World War. It creates a very high pressure, but a highly focussed jet that is designed to penetrate the casing pipe, the cement and, as far as possible, into the formation. The components of the shaped charge used in oil well perforating, …
We need to study the technical and operational aspects of top-hole drilling in the planning phase of a well. This will greatly help us provide practical shallow gas procedures for that particular well. The comprehensiveness of these drilling procedures depends on the chance of encountering shallow gas. The summary of wells with a higher probability of …
A drill pipe is a seamless tube with special threaded couplings called tool joints. It is used to transmit rotary power from the surface to the bottom of the hole and to supply fluid at sufficient volume and pressure to the drill bit. Typically, it is the most extended & significant section of the Drill …
There are mainly two types of drill pipe connection threads, which are API Connection & Non-API Connection. API Drill Pipe Connection Thread Types Numbered Connections In 1968, API introduced ” NC ” connections to cover many needs, from macaroni tubing to 12-inch stiff drill collars. At the same time, API declared that the “IF” and …
Thixotropic cement slurry in oil and gas is a system that has the capability to develop a self-supporting gel structure. This structure carries part of the hydrostatic pressure of the cement column, thereby reducing the pressure against the formation. This is significant in a low gradient situation where heavy fluid losses would otherwise be experienced …
We define annular pressure loss or APL as the pressure lost while circulating drilling mud in the annulus. This loss is mainly due to frictional forces between the mud, borehole wall, and drill string. What Is The Pressure Loss? Pressure is required to circulate mud around a wellbore. This pressure is necessary to overcome the …
After successfully perforating using wireline guns, experts proposed that they could run similar guns on pipes. This allowed for longer sections of the gun to be utilized, reducing the rig time required for well completion. Further time savings could be achieved by combining the guns with the completion string. In the 1930s, Halliburton patented the …
If you’re involved in drilling operations, you know how important it is to understand the concept of “bottom hole pressure.” This term is critical for drilling supervisors, drillers, drilling engineers, and all rig personnel, as it directly impacts well control. In fact, if the BHP drops below the formation pressure, it can cause a kick …
Hard formation drilling presents significant challenges to Polycrystalline Diamond Compact PDC bits. The major cause of reduced ROP and bit life has been identified as lateral downhole drill string vibration or ‘bit whirl’. The phenomenon manifests itself in the form of high irregular torques and poor rates of penetration. The negative impact of vibrations on …
The Drilling BHA is a very slender structure with a length-to-width ratio exceeding 500. Buckling will occur at high WOB. The buckling of the BHA string hurts overall drilling performance. It induces extra friction, leads to additional loading of components, and can induce violent dynamic behavior in the BHA, which can cause tool or drill …