To ensure primary well control is in place & prevention of kicks in drilling, the following procedures and precautions must be observed: The Primary Well Control: Mud Weight Mud into and out of the well must be weighted to ensure the correct weight is being maintained to control the well. This task is normally carried …
Objective The objectives of this section are to introduce the Fundamental Principles of Well Control. General Information The function of Well Control can be conveniently subdivided into three main categories, namely PRIMARY WELL CONTROL, SECONDARY WELL CONTROL, and TERTIARY WELL CONTROL. These categories are briefly described in the following paragraphs. Primary Well Control It is …
Before starting leak off test drilling procedures, gauges should be checked for accuracy. Also, the upper-pressure limit should be determined. It is so simple to run leak off test drilling but if you exceeded certain pressure, you may break the formation and a loss of circulation may occur. Leak Off Test Best Practice Pre-job Procedures. …
Oil & Gas Directional drilling is the science of directing a wellbore along a predetermined well trajectory to intersect a designated sub-surface target. From its early beginnings in the 1920s, when many regarded it as a “black art”, oilfield directional drilling evolved to the point where we can genuinely regard it as a science, although …
Oil & Gas Measurement While Drilling systems allow the driller to gather and transmit information from the bottom of the hole back to the surface without interrupting normal drilling operations. This information can include directional deviation data, data related to the petrophysical properties of the formations, and drilling data, such as WOB and torque (check …
Surging or swabbing pressures in drilling describe pressure changes in the annulus resulting from pipe movement. The swabbing occurs when the drill pipe is pulled from the well, forcing mud to flow down the annulus to fill the void left by the pipe. However, the surging occurs when the drill pipe is lowered into the …
The oldest surveying tool for directional drilling was known as an acid bottle. When taking a survey, the tool aligned itself with the hole’s axis, but the surface of the acid remained level. The instrument was left in this position for about 30 minutes, allowing the acid to etch a sharp line on the glass …
This article discusses gyro wellbore survey tool services available today in the oil and gas industry, beginning with basic gyroscopic theory and leading up to Rate Gyro technology. There is no attempt to compare systems or provide an expert technical description of any company’s technology. The intent is instead to provide a basic understanding of …
At specific points in the well, it is helpful to determine the overall trajectory (Check directional survey calculations excel sheet) in a single survey run (e.g., just before running casing). This is usually done by a Directional Magnetic Multi shot Survey Tool which takes a series of pictures. It also can be dropped from surface …
The magnetic single shot survey tool instrument was first used in the 1930s for measuring the inclination and direction of a well. Here we shall explain its mechanism and components. Application Single-Shot surveys, which photograph the instrument at a single position, are often used by the directional driller to track the drilling bit’s progress while …